Brief explanations of 19 key terms likely to be heard at the Cop30 summit in Brazil

Rich countries have lost enthusiasm for tackling climate crisis, says Cop30 chief

Cop30: what are the main issues and why do they matter?

Cop30 will be the 30th conference of the parties to the UN framework convention on climate change (UNFCCC), the parent treaty to the 2015 Paris agreement. It takes place in Belém, near the mouth of the Amazon River in Brazil.

At recent Cops, hosts have taken to having special meetings based on traditional formats. This began in Durban in 2011, when, as the negotiations stretched long past their official deadline, heads of delegation moved into special indaba meetings, named after a traditional Zulu gathering of tribal elders. Since then, Cop28 in Dubai had its majlis, and Cop29 in Baku had a qurultay, modelled on a Turkic chieftains’ gathering.