You probably wouldn't say it to its face, but the famously fearsome Tyrannosaurus rex has long been the butt of tiny arm jokes.

The evolution of tiny arms in several groups of meat-eating dinosaurs was likely driven by the development of strong, powerful heads, which were used to attack prey, according to…

Five different groups of predatory dinosaurs independently evolved disproportionately small arms, and it seems they did so because their heads became so large and powerful