Sep 7, 2026

Tatyana Deryugina

, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, and Ilona Sologoub

With Russia ramping up its hybrid war, Europe must choose. It can invest in its own defense, accept the trade-offs involved, and build credible deterrence, or it can continue to underspend, hope that diplomacy will suffice, assume that US protection will always be available, and tell itself that the war in Ukraine is a local affair.

URBANA/BERKELEY/KYIV—Twelve years ago, Ukraine was sleepwalking toward catastrophe. Now Europe is.