India's ethanol program achieves blending targets and energy security goals. However, it shifts land use from food crops to maize production. This change pressures food prices and increases imports of edible oils and pulses. Consumers face reduced mileage for fuel and potentially higher costs. Policy should promote diverse clean mobility options and consumer choice.

India’s ethanol push boosts energy security and farm incomes, but consumers remain unconvinced amid mileage and price concerns.

Explore the government's defense of E20 fuel amid criticism over mileage, pricing, and environmental benefits in India's ethanol blending program.