A Neanderthal tooth shows clear signs of human intervention to treat bacterial decay, showing that the earliest dentistry began at least 59,000 years ago

Evidence of Caries Treatment on a 60,000-year-old Tooth Found in Russia Pushes Back the Birth of Dentistry, a Skill That Archaeologists Didn't Expect to Encounter in Neanderthals

Russian archaeologists have discovered evidence of a sophisticated dental procedure that took place nearly 60,000 years ago.