A 60,000-year-old Neanderthal tooth left behind in a cave in modern-day Russia contains a deep hole that cannot be explained by decay alone.

Russian archaeologists have discovered evidence of a sophisticated dental procedure that took place nearly 60,000 years ago.

Evidence of Caries Treatment on a 60,000-year-old Tooth Found in Russia Pushes Back the Birth of Dentistry, a Skill That Archaeologists Didn't Expect to Encounter in Neanderthals