US negotiators led by Vice President JD Vance and Iranian representatives headed by Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf convened in Switzerland’s Burgenstock resort to iron out discrepancies in the 14-point Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). The negotiations were facilitated by Qatar and Pakistan, which acted as mediators throughout the process and helped bring the parties to an agreement.

What we know so far

Pakistan and Qatar said the negotiations were held in a positive and constructive atmosphere. Building on the MoU, the parties established a high-level committee tasked with providing political oversight, with the aim of reaching a final agreement within 60 days.

The Strait of Hormuz was front and center. A direct line of communication was established between the parties to prevent incidents in the waterway, which is to be reopened immediately. Iran is obliged to remove mines, while the United States will lift its naval blockade within 30 days.

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