NATO leaders are expected to gather in Ankara next month for a summit that could redefine the alliance’s future as it confronts mounting security challenges, trans-Atlantic tensions and growing pressure to adapt to a rapidly changing geopolitical landscape.

The July 7-8 summit, to be hosted by Türkiye at the Presidential Complex in Ankara, comes 22 years after Istanbul hosted a landmark NATO meeting widely regarded as a turning point in the alliance’s transformation from a collective defense organization into a broader global security actor.

Officials, NATO representatives and international analysts have increasingly described the upcoming Ankara summit as a historic gathering that may shape what some observers call the alliance’s next phase of evolution.

When NATO met in Istanbul in 2004, the alliance had 26 members and was primarily focused on combating terrorism in the aftermath of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks. The security environment at the time pushed NATO beyond its traditional Euro-Atlantic focus and toward addressing threats emerging outside its conventional area of responsibility.

The Istanbul summit was dominated by decisions related to Afghanistan, including the expansion of NATO’s International Security Assistance Force mission. Discussions also laid the groundwork for training support to Iraqi security forces.