1 of 3 | Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and other Democratic leaders speak Tuesday about their plans to make enhanced health care premiums part of any government funding bill. Photo by Bonnie Cash/UPI | License Photo

Sept. 30 (UPI) -- Millions of low- and middle-income households will see their health insurance premiums skyrocket in 2026 if Congress allows pandemic-era subsidies to expire, health policy think tank KFF warned Tuesday.

Those subsidies help about 22 million Americans buy health insurance on the Affordable Care Act marketplace and have emerged as a key bargaining chip in stalled congressional negotiations over federal funding that are expected to result in a government shutdown early Wednesday.

Known as enhanced premium tax credits, the subsidies were first adopted in 2021 as part of a coronavirus relief package that was intended to help keep people insured during the public health emergency. The subsidies were later extended by the Inflation Reduction Act through the end of this year.

Enrollment in the marketplace has soared since Congress adopted the enhanced subsidies. Nearly 24 million people used the marketplace to find insurance in 2024, setting a new record.