The setup

I have a tool site with 6 languages. Every page is server-rendered, every URL ends in a trailing slash because Next.js generates it that way. Should be straightforward. Should be done in an afternoon.

It took 4 hours and a lot of staring at rendered HTML.

What broke

The first sign something was off: my Chinese pages were not showing up as their own URLs in Google Search Console. They were getting merged with the English version of the same page. The English one ranked. The Chinese one disappeared.