Natural population growth is slowing across much of America.According to the latest U.S. Census Bureau estimates, 17 states recorded more deaths than births between July 2024 and July 2025, up from only four states during much of the 2010s.Using U.S. Census Bureau data, Visual Capitalist's Dorothy Neufeld created this map showing natural population change in every state.Because the measure excludes domestic and international migration, it highlights where population growth increasingly depends on people moving in.Natural Population Change by StateThe table below ranks every state by natural population change between July 2024 and July 2025, highlighting where births continued to outpace deaths—and where they no longer did.StateNatural Population Change
Jul 2024–Jul 2025Pennsylvania-10,708West Virginia-7,887Maine-5,019Michigan-4,998Oregon-3,764Mississippi-2,607Alabama-2,188New Hampshire-2,167New Mexico-1,885Vermont-1,769Florida-1,333Arkansas-1,224Ohio-729Delaware-554Rhode Island-304Montana-90Kentucky-83Missouri177Wyoming295South Carolina564Wisconsin1,161Hawaii2,024Connecticut2,283District of Columbia2,516Oklahoma2,559South Dakota2,605North Dakota2,630Louisiana2,774Iowa2,949Nevada3,051Alaska3,308Tennessee3,597Kansas4,951Nebraska6,136Idaho6,900Massachusetts8,419Indiana8,561Illinois10,903Maryland11,444Minnesota12,071Virginia13,817North Carolina15,129Washington17,230Colorado20,608Utah24,961New Jersey26,023Georgia28,631Arizona20,914New York42,815California109,715Texas157,711Pennsylvania recorded the nation’s largest natural decline (-10.7K), followed by West Virginia, Maine, and Michigan. Most states with natural decreases were concentrated in the Northeast and Appalachia, regions that include several states with some of the country’s oldest populations.Florida also recorded more deaths than births, yet remained one of America’s fastest-growing states because of migration.The South remained the engine of natural population growth. Texas (+158K), Georgia (+29K), and North Carolina (+15K) posted strong gains. California (+110K) and New York (+43K) also recorded far more births than deaths despite slower overall population growth.America’s Population Is Increasingly Shaped by MigrationNatural population change tells only part of the story.Several states with more deaths than births, including Florida, Maine, and Pennsylvania, can still grow overall when migration offsets their natural decline. Others continue losing population even after attracting newcomers.Meanwhile, states such as Texas, North Carolina, and Arizona benefit from both natural population growth and migration, helping drive some of the country’s fastest population gains.As America’s population ages and birth rates remain historically low, natural population growth is becoming less common. For a growing number of states, migration—not births—is now the primary driver of population growth, making migration trends increasingly important to their long-term demographic outlook.To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on immigration’s role in U.S. population growth by state.
