This has continued to expose millions of households to disputed charges and persistent complaints of exploitation.

Despite billions of naira invested by the Nigerian government and hundreds of millions of dollars secured through international loans to address the country's electricity metering deficit, more than five million electricity consumers remain trapped on estimated billing.

This has continued to expose millions of households to disputed charges and persistent complaints of exploitation.

A review by SaharaReporters of the latest data published by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) shows that 5.1 million electricity customers across Nigeria are still on estimated billing, while only 6.9 million customers have been metered.

The figures underscore the country's continuing metering crisis despite years of government interventions aimed at ending arbitrary billing and improving transparency in the power sector.