Part three

Part one: Low consumption, high leakage: The Philippines’ plastic paradox

Part two: From bin to ocean: How plastic waste escapes Philippine systems

MANILA, Philippines — Plastic waste in the Philippines moves through a long chain of systems before it reaches rivers, coastlines, dumpsites or landfills.

What begins as packaging in stores passes through collection, sorting, transport, disposal and recovery systems that determine whether waste remains contained or leaks into the environment.