When European ships arrived in the Americas towards the end of the 15th century, they brought far more than soldiers and cargo. Infectious disease travelled alongside them, tearing through communities that had no prior exposure to it.

Researchers have recovered and analyzed the first ancient smallpox virus genomes ever identified in the Americas, providing the strongest direct evidence to date that the disease…

Analysis of DNA from Chilean mummies has revealed the earliest known genome of the smallpox virus recovered from the Americas.