Introduced to Ethiopia decades ago to green drylands, Prosopis juliflora now forms thorny thickets whose water use carries an estimated $790 million agricultural opportunity cost

A hardy tree that once promised to green some of Ethiopia's driest landscapes has become one of the country's most costly environmental challenges. Introduced decades ago to stabilise soils, provide firewood and slow the spread of desertification, Prosopis juliflora has expanded far beyond the areas where it was originally planted.

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