OXFORD: Every new war in the Middle East is presented as an unprecedented crisis. Yet behind the headlines lies a pattern that stretches back more than a century — one in which unresolved disputes over borders, identity, statehood, foreign intervention and political legitimacy repeatedly erupt into fresh violence. For Professor Eugene Rogan, one of the world’s leading historians of the modern Middle East, the region’s recurring instability cannot be understood by looking only at today’s conflicts.