When Ida Keeling crouched at the starting line for the 100 metres shortly before her 101st birthday, she had already rewritten nearly every expectation about ageing. The New York-born sprinter became the first woman aged 100 or older to complete a 100-metre race in sanctioned competition, crossing the finish line at the Penn Relays in Philadelphia in April 2016 before a crowd of more than 44,000 spectators.