AI-hallucinated citations are creeping into papers that shape clinical guidelines, researchers warn

An audit of 2.5 million biomedical papers by Columbia University and other institutions shows that the rate of fabricated references has increased more than twelvefold since 2023. The researchers suspect a link to the widespread use of language models - the fake references match their paper's topic, follow correct formatting, and are nearly impossible to spot. 98 percent of the affected papers have received no response from their publishers.

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