The 2026 Munich Security Conference, held last weekend, was marked by a striking shift in tone. European leaders spoke less about partnership and more about responsibility. The message, implicit but unmistakable, was that the era of automatic American primacy in European security is over. As Washington continues to concentrate strategic attention on the Indo-Pacific, Europe is being asked to assume a far greater share of its own defense burden. In response, proposals for a European army have resurfaced with renewed intensity.