The first reports of an unknown respiratory infection spreading in Wuhan, China, came during the quiet days between Christmas and New Year’s Eve in 2019. At the time, I was director of the Africa Centres for Disease Control, the African Union’s public health agency, and was trying to recharge after months spent fighting a deadly Ebola outbreak in Congo. But, recognizing the severity and urgency of this new virus, I summoned the Africa CDC team back to headquarters in Addis Ababa. The Africa CDC had never confronted a crisis of this scale.