Myanmar’s ongoing election has drawn predictable condemnation as a hollow exercise staged by a regime that seized power by force. Yet focusing only on the ballot risks missing the far more consequential political act now underway. The junta’s accelerated nationwide census will determine who exists politically in Myanmar’s future and who does not. For the Rohingya and for millions of displaced people across the country, being excluded from that count could lock in erasure long after the last vote is cast. Elections come and go. Censuses endure.