Illustration by Sam Calleja/Rappler

Cagayan de Oro leads Northern Mindanao in confidential and intelligence fund allocations, setting aside P450 million in 2023 and 2024, while Bukidnon province has the lowest. Together with Iligan, Misamis Oriental and Misamis Occidental, the four account for nearly 80% of the region's over P1.1 billion in allocations

Cagayan de Oro was the highest spender on confidential and intelligence funds in Northern Mindanao for 2023 and 2024, allocating P450 million, while Bukidnon had the lowest at P2.648 million.

Overall, Northern Mindanao's cities and provinces increased their confidential and intelligence fund allocations from P527.7 million in 2023 to P646.3 million in 2024, raising concerns about transparency and potential misuse of these funds.

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