Who should build the low-carbon economy?

A serious response to climate change requires more than deploying homogeneous clean technologies at scale (File/AFP)

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Suppose the global economy comprised countries roughly equally equipped with research institutions, technology development labs and industrial production facilities. They might compete fiercely, build rival alliances and vie aggressively for raw materials and natural resources. But one can also imagine a more optimistic scenario. Since each country would understand its own challenges best, it could devise solutions adapted to its own circumstances, building systems and equipment at precisely the scale required. And where competences complement one another, governments could engage in mutually beneficial collaborations, mobilizing scientists, technology and manufacturing toward common goals.