Beijing —

The road to Chinese leader Xi Jinping’s expected visit to the United States next month is shaping up to be rockier than Beijing would have hoped.

Weeks ahead of the state visit, the world’s two largest economies have revived a tit-for-tat exchange of sanctions, with Beijing unveiling multiple measures against US firms or interests in what it said was retaliation for “erroneous” American moves.

The US has banned imports of new humanoid robots (largely produced in China); sanctioned Chinese shipping operators alleged to be handling Iranian fuel; placed more than 40 Chinese firms on an entity list for alleged human rights violations; and added two top civilian universities to a Pentagon blacklist. It’s also threatened to sanction Chinese AI firms.

That left Beijing with “no choice but to take necessary countermeasures,” its Commerce Ministry said Wednesday as it unveiled a package that sanctioned seven US firms; upped controls on the export of drones and their tech to the US; and launched an investigation into certain office equipment running foreign software.