Science has significantly improved life expectancy and quality of life around the world, by treating diseases, enabling new medical procedures and improving nutrition.

Here are five of history’s most life-saving scientists.

1. Maurice Hilleman

Dr Maurice Hilleman checks the growth of a virus - Image credit: Alamy

American virologist Maurice Hilleman developed 40 vaccines during his career, including those for mumps, chickenpox, meningitis and measles. His vaccines are credited with saving over 130 million lives.