Data availabilitySEM data, ultra-deep-field microscopy data and micro-CT data are available within this paper and in Extended Data Figs. 1–6, Extended Data Table 1 and the Supplementary Information. All raw micro-CT volume data (TIFF stacks) and segmentation files are deposited in Dryad (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.qbzkh18zk (ref. 62)). SEM images data of the three additional specimens (CUBar298-1, CUBar337-2 and CUBar297-5) listed in the measurement table (Extended Data Table 1) are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The nomenclature of E. shaanxiense gen. et sp. nov. is registered in ZooBank (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9916C67D-B5BC-418B-8E71-04166FDA3191 for genus and urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:53734DFD-AF6C-43F2-96B7-4D2C73A5D877 for species). The Life Sciences Identifier for this publication is urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F73274DC-5FD4-4130-A8E5-6E20B55AAFC2.Code availabilityNo custom code was used in this study.ReferencesKröger, B., Vinther, J. & Fuchs, D. Cephalopod origin and evolution: a congruent picture emerging from fossils, development and molecules. Bioessays 33, 602–613 (2011).Article

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