A global sell-off in technology shares has wiped billions from stock market valuations, as investors reassess the outlook for the sector amid economic uncertainty and shifting expectations around artificial intelligence and corporate earnings.

Investor jitters over how long the artificial intelligence spending boom will last and concern over Chinese competition in chipmaking sent technology shares plunging Tuesday.

South Korea's Samsung Electronics fell more than 12 percent and Japanese memory chipmaker Kioxia was down 18 percent, while Taiwanese giant TSMC slid 3.0 percent.

The declines followed losses by major US semiconductor stocks, after a report said a company was making specialised ultraviolet etching machines to boost China's chip industry.

Here are the main factors behind the most recent tech rout: