Security firm runZero has disclosed seven vulnerabilities in FatFs, a small filesystem library that lets a device read and write the FAT and exFAT formats used on USB drives and SD cards.
The flaws matter because FatFs is nearly everywhere. It ships inside the firmware that runs security cameras, drones, industrial controllers, hardware crypto wallets, and other devices built on real-time operating systems.
On the worst-affected systems, an attacker who gets a booby-trapped USB drive, SD card, or update file onto a device can corrupt its memory and run their own code.
Many embedded devices lack the memory protections found on phones and desktops, which is why runZero says "any physical access leads to a jailbreak." A public kiosk, a camera with an SD slot, an ATM, or a voting machine with a USB port should not hand over full control after a moment of physical access, but here it can.
All seven bugs work the same basic way. The device tries to read a storage volume or firmware image that has been deliberately malformed, and FatFs mishandles the bad data. runZero rated the set CVSS Medium to High, with no Criticals.
