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Mount Kenya University Vice-Chancellor, Prof. Deogratius Jaganyi, presents a token of appreciation to Prof. Stephanie, Principal in Charge of Transnational Education Programmes at Lancaster University, UK. [Courtesy]

African universities are under pressure to overhaul governance systems as artificial intelligence, shrinking budgets and rising accountability demands reshape higher education across the continent.

University leaders meeting at a forum at Lancaster University, UK, said governing councils must shift from compliance-focused oversight to strategic stewardship to remain effective in a rapidly changing sector.

They said universities now operate in an environment where funding is tightening, competition for students is increasing and pressure to demonstrate measurable academic and social impact is growing.