Millions of Ethiopians headed to the polls on Monday in legislative elections expected to extend Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s rule, as opposition parties and analysts raised concerns about political freedoms, ongoing conflicts and the competitiveness of the vote.

Polling stations opened at 6 a.m. local time across Ethiopia, with long queues forming outside voting centres as citizens cast ballots to elect more than 500 members of the House of Representatives.

In the capital, Addis Ababa, voters arrived before sunrise, demonstrating strong turnout despite heightened security measures and a visible military presence around some polling stations.

“This is my first time voting. The election is good, it is fair,” said voter Bisrat Ketema. “I have voted for the party I believe will benefit this country.”

Another voter, Tesfaye Eshetu, said many residents arrived early to support the political groups they believe could improve their lives and address national challenges.