I do a lot of research. Legal documents, technical specs, academic papers, regulatory filings. For a while I thought using an LLM would cut my fact-checking time in half.

It made it three times worse.

Not because the models were obviously wrong. The dangerous part is how convincingly right they sound.

After months of getting burned I eventually found a workflow that actually holds up, but before I get to that it is worth understanding why the problem exists at the architecture level, because that changes how you think about solutions.

Why Models Lie With Confidence