Since the US and Israel began their war on Iran on February 28, Iranian military forces have succeeded in shooting down or damaging several US and Israeli aircraft. According to a US Congressional Research Service report published on May 13, at least 42 American aircraft were destroyed or damaged during the recent war with Iran. While the report does not clarify the exact cause of damage in each case, its explanations suggest that dozens of aircraft, including one F-15, one F-18 and an MC-130, were shot down or damaged by Iranian MANPADS or low-altitude surface-to-air missile systems. MANPADS are lightweight guided missiles that can be operated by a single crew member and do not require radar to track an aircraft. However, their range is limited to between 5 and 10 kilometres, and their small warheads, usually weighing between 1 and 3 kg, are sometimes not powerful enough to destroy a target, causing only minor damage. According to experts, MANPADS are cheap, mobile, easy to manufacture, easy to use and simple to train new crews on, while remaining difficult to detect. Evidence gathered by FRANCE 24 suggests Iranian security forces are training large numbers of paramilitary Basij members to use more of these guided missiles in the event of another round of US-Israeli air strikes. Videos and training materials on using the weapons have been circulating widely among Basij members on social media.