Ethiopian opposition parties go into elections on June 1, facing threats, insurgencies, near-total state control of the media, and what they see as a pre-determined victory for Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed.
When Abiy came to power in 2018, the first signs were encouraging. He released opposition members and journalists and resolved tensions with neighbouring Eritrea, which earned him the Nobel Peace Prize.
But that gave way to mounting repression and what has effectively become a one-party state.
His Prosperity Party (PP) took 96 percent of seats at the last election in 2021 and there is little sign of Abiy's vow that the next parliament will be "more diverse".
"This election will be the worst of all," said Mistresilasie Tamerat, secretary general of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party (EPRP).
