European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz both voiced support for regime change in Iran soon after the strikes started more than four weeks ago.

Each of them also questioned the continued utility of the international rules-based order, while Merz’s foreign minister Johann Wadephul even said international law “cannot be invoked” by a “regime like Iran”.

In Spain, Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez was quick out of the blocks to condemn the war as illegal.

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