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Workplace AI adoption is at an all-time high, according to Anthropic data, but just because organizations use AI doesn’t mean it’s effective.

“Nobody knows those answers, even though a lot of people are saying they do,” said Jen Stave, chief operator at the Digital Data Design Institute (D^3) at Harvard Business School. While much of the business world tries to figure out where AI can be best deployed, the team at D^3 is researching where the technology is most effective in increasing productivity and performance — and where humans still have the upper hand.

Workplace collaboration is a long-held standard for innovation and productivity, but AI is changing what that looks like. AI-equipped individuals perform at comparable levels to teams without access to AI, D^3′s recent research in partnership with Procter & Gamble

finds. “AI is capable of reproducing certain benefits typically gained through human collaboration, potentially revolutionizing how organizations structure their teams and allocate resources,” according to the research.