Builders and volunteers have begun repairing homes, schools and infrastructure in Khartoum, marking the Sudanese capital’s first reconstruction effort more than two years after war between the army and paramilitary forces erupted.

"We are working to restore the state's infrastructure," volunteer Mostafa Awad said.

Once a thriving metropolis of 9 million people, Khartoum's skyline is now a jagged silhouette of collapsed buildings.

Electrical poles lean precariously or lie snapped on the ground in the streets. Cars, stripped for parts, sit burnt-out and abandoned, their tires melted into the asphalt.

Agence France-Presse (AFP) correspondents saw entire residential blocks standing with their exterior walls ripped away in the fighting.