Chinese electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers are carving out deep inroads in Europe, defying trade barriers while creating fiercer competition for market share. BYD leads the pack: It now sells more pure EVs than traditional forerunners such as Nissan and established automakers such as Ford, Citroen and Toyota, and is quickly capturing market share from Tesla. Other Chinese players are also gaining ground, such as Jaecoo, Omoda, Leapmotor and Xpeng. The trend is adding to the challenges for some incumbent European car manufacturers, which have invested heavily in EVs to meet increasingly strict tailpipe CO2 emission standards but aren't seeing as much growth as expected.