New provisions enacted in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (Obbba), signed into law by US President Donald Trump earlier this month, apply burdensome compliance measures to the nuclear energy tax credits that industry lobbyists fought hard to protect from repeal. The provisions were intended to minimize the outsized role of "foreign entities of concern" (Feoc) — namely China — in the domestic supply chain, but the US Treasury’s interpretation of that intent will dictate the extent to which the credits actually support the industry. While many replacement or newbuild nuclear reactor components are sourced from close US allies such as Canada, France, Italy and South Korea, various subcomponents further back in the supply chain may be originally sourced in China.