According to NOAA's Lower Duwamish River hazardous-waste site summary, the river once had extensive tidal marshes and mudflats along its banks before channelization and filling transformed much of the estuary into an industrial waterway. Dredging, channeling and a century of industrial activity have destroyed 97 percent of the tidal wetlands that once lined the riverbanks, according to a University of Washington-led study on the Duwamish Floating Wetlands Project.