In 1998, a Russian nuclear submarine launched a German satellite from beneath the Barents Sea using a missile once designed to deliver nuclear warheads thousands of kilometres away

A Russian submarine launched German satellites from the Barents Sea. The K-407 Novomoskovsk used a modified ballistic missile for this mission. This event marked the first commercial space launch by the Russian Navy. The repurposed missile carried a 10-kilogram research satellite into orbit. This demonstrated a peaceful use for Cold War military technology.

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