Illegal chrome mining South Africa costs about 600,000 tonnes a year, roughly 10% of output, and launders into the legal chain at Durban and Maputo.

A South Africa tailings dam collapse at a Samancor chrome complex was reasonably foreseeable, the regulator found, and the dam was never registered.

Illegal chrome mining South Africa costs about 600,000 tonnes a year, roughly 10% of output, and launders into the legal chain at Durban and Maputo.