A nine-judge Supreme Court bench on Thursday, in a 5-4 majority verdict, modified parts of the “triple test” laid down nearly five decades ago to determine what constitutes an “industry” under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The reformulated test will apply prospectively, while pending cases can continue under the earlier definition.

The Supreme Court’s nine-judge bench will rule on the definition of “industry” under the Industrial Disputes Act and examine the landmark 1978 judgment.

The ruling had far-reaching consequences, bringing several activities outside the conventional commercial or industrial sphere within the ambit of the Industrial Disputes Act |…

The Supreme Court redefines 'industry' in the new Labour Code, sidelining a 1978 precedent that protected workers' rights.