MORE than three decades after the end of apartheid, South Africa remains one of the world's most unequal societies, with land ownership still at the heart of the country's economic divide. Drawing on seven years of research, a political scientist argues that the country's market-based land reform programme has often reinforced historical inequalities rather than dismantling them. The study also challenges claims that land reform unfairly targets white farmers, finding that many have used the programme to address economic and security concerns while benefiting financially from land sales.