Taliban authorities engage with many nations despite lacking formal international recognition. Regional countries pragmatically interact with Kabul, prioritizing economic and security ties. Foreign investment remains scarce due to limited official recognition and investor wariness. Some nations restrict further ties until human rights reforms are implemented by the Taliban. The political reality in Afghanistan has changed, necessitating engagement with de facto authorities.

Taliban authorities engage with many nations despite lacking formal international recognition. Regional countries pragmatically interact with Kabul, prioritizing economic and…

Since they seized power in Afghanistan five years ago, the Taliban have succeeded in expanding their diplomatic and economic ties with countries around the world. But Afghanistan…