But while the export surge is an accidental consequence of self-sufficiency and competitive manufacturers, the solution is not protectionism.

Far from stifling development, China’s export portfolio indicates a positive-sum diffusion of industrial growth.

But while the export surge is an accidental consequence of self-sufficiency and competitive manufacturers, the solution is not protectionism.

The next phase is building factories and Chinese brands abroad as well as embedding its tech, industrial standards in global supply chains.