After 60 years, scientists uncover metformin’s hidden brain effects

A decades-old diabetes drug just got a surprising twist. Scientists have discovered that metformin doesn’t just work in the liver and gut—it also acts directly in the brain, where it taps into a hidden control center for blood sugar. By switching off a protein called Rap1 in a key brain region, the drug activates specific neurons that help lower glucose levels, even at tiny doses.

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