Europe increasingly describes North Africa as a community of partners bound together by history, geography, prosperity, and shared interests. In fact, Brussels speaks so often of a “near neighborhood” when looking south. Rome, for instance, promotes the Mattei Plan as a new model for North-South cooperation. Paris, on the other hand, insists it has learned the lessons of its declining influence across Africa. Today, green transition initiatives, infrastructure corridors, migration agreements, and investment packages are all presented as evidence of an “equalizing” relationship.