Experts suggest focusing on who bears UPI merchant discount rate costs. Introducing this fee could increase business operating expenses and squeeze margins. Small merchants and kirana stores may face significant challenges with this change. UPI's success as a public digital infrastructure is at stake. Policymakers must balance sustainability with UPI's broader economic and strategic value.

India may reintroduce merchant discount rates for large businesses on UPI transactions. This move aims to address the financial sustainability of digital payment providers. Small…

The move would mark a significant shift in India’s digital payments policy, six years after the government made UPI and RuPay debit card transactions free to drive digital…