Mining in South Africa is primarily conducted through alluvial, opencast, and underground mining methods, with underground mining generally being the most capital-intensive. How often do we hear or read about accidents occurring in underground mines? When such incidents occur, they often result in injuries or fatalities involving employees and other persons working underground who become trapped or are affected by events such as explosions, fires, or flooding. Despite stringent health and safety legislation and compliance requirements within the mining industry, accidents do occur. These incidents are invariably traumatic experiences for everyone involved.