Four Seas Initiative, Syria, Turkey, Strait of Hormuz, energy corridors, pipelines, Europe energy security, Gulf exports, New Lines Institute, infrastructure

Four Seas Initiative, Syria, Turkey, Strait of Hormuz, energy corridors, pipelines, Europe energy security, Gulf exports, New Lines Institute, infrastructure

LONDON: Middle East oil producers face a reckoning. The Iran war exposed the dangers of relying on a single chokepoint for vital oil and gas exports, leaving Gulf governments…